1	Anth 300D Roots of Social Science
2	Antiquity Classic Greek (8^th cen. BCE (700s) – +/- 4^th cen. (300s) BCE Roman Republic (510-1^st Cen. BCE) and Empire (1st cen. -5^th cen BCE)
3	Islam AD 850
4	Muslim World 1300
5	Mongol Empire in Late 13^th Century
6
7	Spice trade – Arab & Chinese
8	Marco Polo - 1271
9	Renaissance 14^th-17^th centuries Rolling back Muslim empires – Spanish Reconquista Vast expansion of social life – Italian City States Commerce Arts Sciences Rediscovery of classic Greek and Roman thought Integration of Arabic thought Reconfiguration of politics and religion
10	“Age of Exploration” – 1500-1800
11	Wealth from the “antipodes”
12	New World Empires
13	European Empires 16^th – 20^th Centuries
14
15	New areas of knowledge Rediscovery of Greek thought
16	New areas of knowledge Rediscovery of Greek thought Natural Sciences Astronomy (Copernicus 1473-1543, Kepler 1571-1630, Galileo 1564-1642)
17	New areas of knowledge Natural Sciences Arts
18	New areas of knowledge Natural Sciences Arts Epistemology Deduction
19	New areas of knowledge Natural Sciences Arts Epistemology Deduction Induction
20	New areas of knowledge Natural Sciences Arts Epistemology Government & Society
21	New areas of knowledge Natural Sciences Arts Epistemology Government & Society Theology Protestant Reformation
22	Scientific Revolution – 17^th century Astronomy Physics - Sir Isaac Newton 1653-1727
23
24	“Modernity” due to conjoined developments: Commerce (opening into world)
25	“Modernity” due to conjoined developments: Commerce (opening into world) Scientific epistemologies (naturalized world)
26	“Modernity” due to conjoined developments: Commerce (opening into world) Scientific epistemologies (naturalized world) Productive technologies (e.g., water mill – due to Black Death?)
27	“Modernity” due to conjoined developments: Commerce (opening into world) Scientific epistemologies (naturalized world) Productive technologies (e.g., water mill) Communication technologies (Gutenberg printing press 1436 – moveable type)
28	Key problematics of modernity Human – God relationship Human – nature relationship Individual – society relationship Basis for judgment Moral Practical
29	Undermined unity of Church Morality Art Science Governance
30	Enlightenment – 18^th century Following Habermas: Split knowledge into 3 major areas: Science – useful knowledge Morality – theological knowledge Art – aesthetic knowledge
31	Enlightenment – 18^th century Reason displaces theology In natural sciences In moral sciences
32	Enlightenment – 18^th century French – more idealist, rationalist, deductive Scottish – more pragmatic, inductive
33	Deduction [text p. 195, glossary] In scientific epistemology, the use of logic to reason from general to particular statements. Contrast with induction.
34	Deductive reasoning “I think, therefore I am”
35	Deductive reasoning “I think, therefore I am” Given the laws of gravity, an apple will fall when dropped
36	Induction [text p. 200 glossary] In scientific epistemology, the process of arriving at generalizations about particular facts. Contrast with deduction.
37	Inductive reasoning The sun came up this morning. I observed the sun coming up every morning of which I have any memory. Therefore the sun comes up every morning.
38	Epistemology [text p. 197] The branch of philosophy that explores the nature of knowledge.
39	Uniting ideas Human reason can understand the world History as human progress “Universal History” Human perfectibility
40	Caution – Many cross-currents Romantic Nihilistic
41	Wednesday - Positivism
42	"Anonymous" Anonymous, La Chute en masse (They all fall down), caricature print, Musee Carnavalet, Paris. Photo: © RMN/Bulloz. Enlightenment and modernity combine in this depiction of the electric spark of liberty overturning the thrones of the crowned heads of Europe and the Pope.
43	Epistemology [text p. 197] The branch of philosophy that explores the nature of knowledge.
44	Ottoman Empire 1300-1699