News Gathering

1. Newspaper exchanges--"scissors and paste-pot" journalism
   
   1. Advantages and problems with system
      
      
   2. Importance of exchanges
      1. central nervous system of press
      2. amplified importance of key papers
      3. minimized distortion
      4. nationalizing influence
      5. furthered economic development
      6. developed party cohesion
      7. spread technical information
   
   
2. Penny Press and news gathering
   1. Early innovations
      1. row boats
      2. carrier pigeons
      3. pony express
   
   
3. Transportation and CMU
   1. Steamboats: connected U.S. and Europe, North and South
      
      
   2. Railroads
      1. speeded exchanges
      2. improved newsgathering
      3. connected buyers and sellers
   
   
4. Telegraph--first electronic CMU
   1. Effects of telegraph
      1. changed structure of stories
      2. lessened power of political press
      3. growth of small-town papers
      4. led to press associations
      5. changes in financial markets
      6. effects on rhythm of life
      
      
   2. Telegraph and Mexican-American War
      
      
   3. Telegraph and Civil War